civil techniques

DPT TEST ON TRUSS MEMBERS

abbu riyaz 1 May, 2023

The DPT TEST ON TRUSS MEMBERS discuss in this post. DPT TEST ON TRUSS MEMBERS carries to detect the Surface cracks, fractures, pinholes, porosity, potholes, in the Truss. It is a low cost inspection method known as Liquid Penetrate Inspection ( LPI ), Dye Penetrant Inspection ( DPI ), Penetration Testing ( PT ).

MS ROOF TRUSS is a straight interconnected structural element triangular in shape. It makes by welding multiple structural elements together to form a single component or single Structure known as Truss. It uses to carry heavy loads and acts like load transfer Structure. For these reasons it is important to make sure all the welding at joints and the connections makes properly without any flaws.

DPT TEST ON TRUSS MEMBERS

Dye Penetration Testing (DPT) is a test uses to identify the discontinuities and improper welding in Truss joints.

The DPT TEST ON TRUSS MEMBERS carries to detect the cracks, fractures, pinholes, porosity, potholes, in the Truss welding joints.

Dye Penetration Testing has different names,

Liquid Penetrate Inspection ( LPI )
Dye Penetrant Inspection ( DPI )
Penetration Testing ( PT )

It is a simple test. And easy test to identify the discontinuities in welding joints. Using this DPT TEST ON TRUSS MEMBERS all the surface defects and flaws are easily identify and rectify. This test carries out without difficulties. This is one of the oldest test for identification of the defects in welding in truss joints and connections.

After completions of all the welding for joints and connections of truss components, the welding slug removes. This performs using mechanical means or by chipping hammers. And cleans with a steel wire brush.

The specimen to test cleans with a cleaner, for applying of the Dye. It must be free from dirt, dust, paint, oil, grease and other foreign materials.

After this the penetrant applies to the surface by dipping, Spraying, or brushing.

And it allows to remains for three to five minutes on the member. This makes to get the penetrant sink into the cracks, pores, etc. This depends on the size of the members to test.

The excess penetrant removes from the surface and a white developer applies over the penetrant. This helps to draw penetrant out of the flaws and invisible indications is visible on surface.

Now defects like, the cracks, fractures, pinholes, porosity, potholes identifies. It is clearly visible on to the surface of the Member.

The defects like, the cracks, fractures, pinholes, porosity, potholes identifies and rectifies.

civil techniques

MATERIALS FOR DPT TESTING IN TRUSS

abbu riyaz 1 May, 2023

MATERIALS FOR DPT TESTING IN TRUSS discuss in this post. Dye Penetration Testing (DPT) is a test uses to identify the discontinuities in welding joints and connections. And uses to detect the cracks, fractures, pinholes, porosity, potholes.

This Dye Penetration Testing has different names,

Liquid Penetrate Inspection ( LPI )
Dye Penetrant Inspection ( DPI )
Penetration Testing ( PT )

MATERIALS FOR DPT TESTING IN TRUSS

The MATERIALS FOR DPT TESTING IN TRUSS are as follows,

Cleaner
Penetrant
Developer

The Cleaner, Penetrant and Developer are the three main materials for this DPT testing. These are all Non toxic chemicals. And Eco friendly materials. Using these Cleaner, Penetrant and Developer DPT testing carries out.

1. Cleaner

The Cleaner is uses to clean the surface of welding joints and connections of member. The specimen to test cleans for applying of the Penetrant in welding joints. It must be free from dirt, dust, paint, oil, grease and other foreign materials.

For this cleaning a organic chemical like acetone uses. It is a colourless and Non toxic chemical. And it is a portable material comes in spray cans and in tins.

2. Penetrant

The Penetrant is on of the main element in DPT testing. Penetrant is a Dye. Its a coloring agent. It is of a high contrast color. Penetrants are red in color. So that the indications seen clearly above the white developer. It is a water washable type. And easily cleans after testing on the materials. It sprays on the welding joints and other connections members.

It allows to remains for three to five minutes on the member. This makes to get the penetrant sink into the cracks, pores, etc. This depends on the size of the joints and connection to test.

3. Developer

The excess penetrant removes from the welding joints and other connections. And Developer applies on the welding joints and other connections of members.

The Developer is a thin layer of white in colour. The developer applies quickly on to the surface of area. And welding joints to examine on the member. This carries out with spraying. The complete area of penetrant covers with spraying the white Developer. This application of developer carries out within one to two minutes after drying of penetrant.

These are the three main materials for this DPT testing.

civil techniques

ADVANTAGES OF MS ROOF TRUSS

abbu riyaz 1 May, 2023

ADVANTAGES OF MS ROOF TRUSS explains in this post. It has numerous advantages. MS ROOF TRUSS are uses in a wide range of buildings in modern times. This System is growing rapidly in almost all parts of the world. These are steel buildings in which excess steel avoids. The use of steel structures is highly economical and Eco friendly. By the application of this we can reduce the usage and wastage of natural resources using in construction fields.

It reduces the Construction cost and time of Mass buildings and Heavy RCC structures. By application of this we can reduce mass pollution and prevent nature. This Systems Makes a Revolution in Steel Industry.

This complete building system in Truss is Pre-fabricated in advance construction software to make a easy production. And easy assembly on the site. The efficient of truss is lighter than normal RCC buildings.

This system widely constructs for the purpose of using a Large and Clear Spans.

ADVANTAGES OF MS ROOF TRUSS

MS ROOF TRUSS engages in areas where span of building is large. Roofing for aircraft hangers, airport terminals, industrial buildings, indoor Stadiums, auditoriums, etc, made by Truss.

It uses often in steel structures like Building roofs, Towers, Bridges, etc,. It helps in reducing weight of the building.

Some of the important advantages of truss buildings are as follows,

This entire system is of zero maintenance
It is superior in strength
It is of a low Budget and cost effective
Highly economical and Eco friendly
Reduces the usage and wastage of excess steel
Entire Space uses without obstructions like center supports,etc.
Reduce mass pollution due to construction and prevents nature
Reduces Construction Time Duration

It reduce the steel consumption and saves cost in structural frameworks. For all of these advantages these Truss buildings are widely uses in wide ranges of Industrial Buildings like,

Ware houses
Airport terminals
Auditoriums
Factories
Workshops
Fueling stations
Vehicle parking sheds
Show rooms
Aircraft hangers
Sports Stadiums.

civil techniques

APPLICATIONS OF MS ROOF TRUSS

abbu riyaz 1 May, 2023

APPLICATIONS OF MS ROOF TRUSS explains in this post. MS ROOF TRUSS is a straight interconnected structural element triangular in shape. It makes by welding multiple structural elements together to form a single component or single Structure known as Truss. It uses to carry heavy loads and acts like load transfer Structure.

MS ROOF TRUSS are uses in a wide range of buildings in the modern times. MS ROOF TRUSS engages in areas where span of building is large. Roofing for aircraft hangers, airport terminals, industrial buildings, indoor Stadiums, auditoriums, etc, made by Truss. It uses often in steel structures like Building roofs, Towers, Bridges, etc,. It helps in reducing weight of the building.

This System is growing rapidly in almost all parts of the world. These are steel buildings in which excess steel avoids. The use of steel structures is highly economical and Eco friendly. By the application of this we can reduce the usage and wastage of natural resources using in construction fields. It reduces the Construction cost and time of Mass buildings and Heavy RCC structures. By application of this we can reduce the mass pollution and prevent nature. This Systems Makes a Revolution in Steel Industry.

APPLICATIONS OF MS ROOF TRUSS

The efficient of truss is lighter than normal RCC buildings. This reduce the natural resource consumption and saves cost in structural frameworks. This usage of Truss System uses widely in the industrial sector. It reduces the Construction cost and time of Mass buildings and Heavy RCC structures.

Its triangular shapes helps MS ROOF TRUSS to distribute the loads uniformly. And it helps to transfer loads in varying, compression and tension. This happens without any bending and shearing on truss members.

It is made of three main Components like horizontal, vertical and cross members. These members normally known as chords. The cross members are known as bracing. It is constructs for wide ranges of Industrial Buildings like,

Ware houses
Airport terminals
Auditoriums
Factories
Workshops
Fueling stations
Vehicle parking sheds
Show rooms
Aircraft hangers
Sports Stadiums.

civil techniques

COMPONENTS OF MS ROOF TRUSS

abbu riyaz 1 May, 2023

COMPONENTS OF MS ROOF TRUSS explains in this post. MS ROOF TRUSS are uses in a wide range of buildings in recent times. This System is growing rapidly in almost all parts of the world. These are steel buildings in which excess steel avoids. The use of steel structures is highly economical and Eco friendly. By the application of this we can reduce the usage and wastage of natural resources using in construction fields.

MS ROOF TRUSS engages in areas where span of building is large. Roofing for aircraft hangers, airport terminals, industrial buildings, indoor Stadiums, auditoriums, etc, made by Truss. It uses often in steel structures like Building roofs, Towers, Bridges, etc,. It helps in reducing weight of building.

Its triangular shapes helps MS ROOF TRUSS to distribute loads uniformly. And it helps to transfer loads in varying, compression and tension. This happens without any bending and shearing on truss members. It is made of three main elements like horizontal, vertical and cross members. These members normally known as chords. The cross members are known as bracing. In structural engineering, the DESIGN OF MS ROOF TRUSS made by structural engineers and fabricators.

COMPONENTS OF MS ROOF TRUSS

The three major components of ms roof truss are top, bottom chord and bracing. Top Chord is a inclined or a horizontal member fixes in the upper edge of truss. This tends to compressive and bending stresses. Bottom chord is a horizontal member fixes in the lower edge of a truss, carrying all ceiling loads. This tends to tensile and bending stresses. Bracing are connection members in between both chords.

These truss chords resists all tension and compression in members and avoids bending. These truss requires less materials to support loads compares with RCC structures. The weight of truss reduces by using more bracing supports and less chords.

These end members connects at joints known as nodes. These nodes carries load and transfer loads to load bearing members like, beams & walls connects to ground.

TRUSS – A pre-built structural member capable of supporting a load over a given span. A truss consists of one or more triangles in its construction.

Top Chord – It is a inclined or a horizontal member fixes in the upper edge of truss. This tends to compressive and bending stresses.

Bottom chord – Bottom chord is a horizontal member fixes in the lower edge of a truss, carrying all ceiling loads. This tends to tensile and bending stresses.

Bracing – These are connection members in between both chords.

Girder – A main truss supporting secondary trusses framing into it.

TIE – A temporary bottom chord brace provides necessary lateral support.

CONNECTOR PLATES – This uses to hold multiple structures to weld in it.

WEB – Members that join the top and bottom chords to form the triangular patterns.

These are some of the Components of MS Roof Truss.

civil techniques

DESIGN OF MS ROOF TRUSS

abbu riyaz 1 May, 2023

DESIGN OF MS ROOF TRUSS explains in this post. MS ROOF TRUSS is a straight interconnected structural element triangular in shape. It makes by welding multiple structural elements together to form a single component or single Structure known as Truss. It uses to carry heavy loads and acts like load transfer Structure.

Its triangular shapes enables MS ROOF TRUSS to distribute loads uniformly. And it helps to transfer loads in varying, compression and tension. This happens without any bending and shearing on truss members. It is make of three main elements like horizontal, vertical and cross members. These members normally known as chords. The cross members are known as bracing.

DESIGN OF MS ROOF TRUSS

In structural engineering, the designs made by structural engineers and fabricators. They use the good and best raw materials available from all sources. And makes a wide range of structural design which satisfy all design requirements.

The efficient of truss is lighter than normal RCC buildings. This reduce the natural resource consumption and saves cost in structural frameworks. This usage of Truss System uses widely in industrial sector. It reduces the Construction cost and time of Mass buildings and Heavy RCC structures. By application of this we can reduce mass pollution and prevent nature. This Systems Makes a Revolution in Steel Industry.

Truss consists of three main elements known as top, bottom chord and bracing. Top Chord is a inclined or a horizontal member fixes in the upper edge of truss. This tends to compressive and bending stresses.

Bottom chord is a horizontal member fixes in the lower edge of a truss, carrying all ceiling loads. This tends to tensile and bending stresses.

Bracing are connection members in between both chords.

DESIGN CRITERIA

For design a Truss, engineers/ fabricators consider many important and basic things. Some of the important and main basic things are as follows,

Length and Width of Structure
Roof Slopes
Ventilation
Dead Loads
Live Loads
Wind Loads
Spacing of bays
E.O.T Crane Systems and
Weight of Truss members, etc,.

This design calculations performs by Engineers with the help of advance computer systems.

This includes latest computer aided system using software like STADD.PRO, Rivet, Auto-cad, etc,. By using these software’s the accurate load calculation, computes and designs Properly.

civil techniques

MS ROOF TRUSS

abbu riyaz 1 May, 2023

MS ROOF TRUSS are uses in a wide range of buildings in Recent times. This System is growing rapidly in almost all parts of the world. These are steel buildings in which excess steel avoids. The use of steel structures is highly economical and Eco friendly. By the application of this we can reduce the usage and wastage of natural resources using in construction fields.

MS ROOF TRUSS

MS ROOF TRUSS engages in areas where span of building is large. Roofing for aircraft hangers, airport terminals, industrial buildings, indoor Stadiums, auditoriums, etc, made by Truss.

It uses often in steel structures like Building roofs, Towers, Bridges, etc,. It helps in reducing weight of building.

These members normally known as chords. The cross members are known as bracing. In structural engineering, the DESIGN OF MS ROOF TRUSS made by structural engineers and fabricators.

MS ROOF TRUSS MEMBERS

Bottom chord is a horizontal member fixes in the lower edge of a truss, carrying all ceiling loads. This tends to tensile and bending stresses.

Bracing are connection members in between both chords.

These end members connects at joints known as nodes. These nodes carries load and transfer loads to load bearing members like, beams, columns connects to ground.

Airways

Advantages And Disadvantages of Air Transport

abbu riyaz 1 May, 2023

The Advantages And Disadvantages of Air Transport discuss in this post. The Air Transport is the major means of transport. It is the fastest means of transport. It is mainly for the large and quick travel all around the globe. And uses for goods movement across the word. It is the important means of passenger transportation. And made many countries grow faster. It Makes possible to fly over the mountains, oceans, forest areas, where humans cant travel.

The Air cargoes uses most to speed up the human lives. It makes a revolution in the goods Export & Imports. Supports the nations to increase in their income. It creates a huge job opportunities. Plays a important role in the growth of Economy of the developing countries.

It is an necessary form of long-distance transportation. Using this, the humans can roam all around the globe. It supports promoting the tourism. The Journey to faraway places reaches quickly without break. And provides a great comfort on travelling. It connects the international boundaries easily. And fly the peoples from different places to cross international barrier. And to shift for the other nations for personal, business, medical and the educational purposes.

The goods delivers within a short period of time. It plays an important role in the Defense Sectors. And it increases the revenue of territories by the passengers and the cargo Shipments. It saves the travelling time of both the passenger & freights. And enables to ship the costly and the valuable products to the faraway places. Helps to shift the necessary thinks in emergencies, like medicines, food & Shelters in the time of natural disasters. And possible to access the remote areas at the times of wars, conflicts and natural calamities.

The fastest and the quickest. The Special characteristics of airways is, it does not requires a definite route for its functioning. And does not possess any physical barriers like the other mode of transport. It makes the shortest and the direct routes over the seas, mountains & the forests. The Advantages And Disadvantages of Air Transport are as follows,

Advantages And Disadvantages of Air Transport

Advantages of Air Transport

Makes possible to fly over the mountains, oceans, forest areas, where humans cant travel.
It is the fastest and quickest.
Creates huge job opportunities.
Increase the growth of Economy of the developing countries.
Helps generating the trade and tourism industry.
Can fly from faraway places and reaches quickly without break
Makes the shortest and the direct routes over the seas, mountains & the forests.
Saves the travelling time of both the passenger & freights.
Delivers goods within a short period of time.
Helps to shift the necessary thinks in emergencies, like medicines, food & Shelters in the time of natural disasters.

Disadvantages of Air Transport

Highly Expensive
Can’t operated in bad & rough weather conditions
Low carrying capacity of goods
Needs vast space
High investments
Maintenance cost is high
High risk of accidents.

These are some of the Advantages And Disadvantages of Air Transport.

Airways

Air Transport

abbu riyaz 1 May, 2023

Air Transport is the major means of transport. It is the fastest means of transport. It is mainly for the large and quick travel all around the globe. And uses for goods movement across the word. It is the important means of passenger transportation. It connects the Continents. And made many countries grow faster. It Makes possible to fly over the mountains, oceans, forest areas, where humans cant travel.

Features of Air Transport

It is an necessary form of long-distance transportation. Using this, the humans can roam all around the globe. And helps generating the trade. It supports promoting the tourism. The Journey to faraway places reaches quickly without break. And provides a great comfort on travelling. It connects the international boundaries easily. And fly the peoples from different places to cross international barrier. And to shift for the other nations for personal, business, medical and the educational purposes.

Air cargos uses most to speed up the human lives. It makes a revolution in the goods Export & Imports. Supports the nations to increase in their income. It creates a vast employment opportunities. Plays a vital role in the growth of Economy of the developing countries.

Characteristics of Air Transport

It is the fastest and quickest. The Special characteristics of airways is, it does not requires a definite route for its functioning. And does not possess any physical barriers like the other mode of transport. It makes the shortest and the direct routes over the seas, mountains & the forests. It has certain Advantage and disadvantages.

civil techniques

Concrete Hacking

abbu riyaz 1 May, 2023

Concrete Hacking is a process of making smooth surface rough. It makes on surface of concrete to provide a strong bond for plastering. As the finishing surface of concrete is smooth, plaster wont sticks to it. To create a strong mechanical bonding between them, this process of hacking in concrete performs. This makes on surfaces of beam, column and roof slabs for plastering. And helps to hold mortar with plastering in walls, tile works.

Hacking performs mostly in Reinforced Cement Concrete structures like, Roof Slab at the bottom of slab. And specially in the Walls and roof slabs of underground tanks, sumps for the purpose of water proofing and plastering. This creates a strong mechanical bonding between chemicals, mortar in RCC members on plastering. It sticks strongly and gives a long and durable life to concrete structures and protects them.

Concrete Hacking

Concrete Hacking carries out after removing the shuttering of Reinforced Cement Concrete structures. After De-shuttering the RCC members cures properly to attain its strength. And hacking executes after two to three days from the date of casting, before it attains its harder state. This helps to hold mortar with plastering in walls, tile works.

Hacking executes manually with the help of hacking chisel and hacking hammer. It executes mechanically using grinding machines with concrete cutting blades.This performs by making a very small groves on RCC Structures. The depth of the groves in concrete surface is two to five millimeters.

This carries manually and mechanically. Hacking performs on places where plastering carries out. This creates a mechanical bonding between RCC members and Cementous plastering mortar which applies directly on the surfaces.

The surface of RCC structure where the walls to constructs hacks properly before starting with brick or block work. This makes a strong connection between RCC structure and walls. And mainly in plastering of roof ceilings in super structures.

civil techniques

Uses of Chicken Mesh in Plastering

abbu riyaz 1 May, 2023

Uses of Chicken Mesh in Plastering discusses in this post. Chicken Mesh in Plastering uses to prevent cracks. Concretes have a property of expansion and contraction. It expands in heat and contract on cooling. The gap between RCC Structures and walls joint fills with fixing Chicken Mesh before plastering. It fixes on the connection surface of columns, beams and walls.

In Construction of RCC structures, after casting of columns, beams and slab, the walls raises. Brickwork or Block-work makes to fill space in-between columns, beams and slabs in outer sides. And to make all kinds of partition walls inside buildings. After brick or block work, plastering works performs. The column sides touching walls hacks properly. Hacking is a process of making smooth concrete surface rough. This provides a strong bonding between RCC surfaces, walls and Plastering.

This mesh is hexagonal in shape. And possess a structure of honeycomb. This property makes it strong. And it gives a long life. It is a made of galvanized iron. This manufactures in coils. It cuts in running maters as per length requires. And minimum 100 mm in width.

It prevents the development of cracks between wall, column, beam joints and junctions. This reduces the chances of cracks occurring in walls in future. And it acts like reinforcement use in concrete. It makes the plastering strong at joints and junctions.

Uses of Chicken Mesh in Plastering

Chicken mesh uses in interior plastering. This uses maximum in interiors because of major pipelines for electrical conduits and water lines comes in interior walls. It Prevents the cracks occurring because of electrical conduits laying inside wall by grove cutting. The miss handling of switchboards cause electrical conduit damages resulting in formation of cracks on walls.

And all waterlines going inside these walls makes little vibrations because of water pressure. The miss handling of water taps causes water pipe lines damages resulting in formation of cracks on walls. And it uses if the plastering thickness is more than 15 Cm. It is not uses in plastering lesser than 15 Cm. Because it causes hair cracks if the thickness of plastering is less.

In exterior plastering this chicken mesh is not used. It has a chance of creating rust in it. If any rust forms in it, then the plastering will fall. It is only supposed to fix the mesh only if the thickness of plastering more than 20 mm. This chicken wire mesh is flexible in structure.

This makes it ideal for using in curves and all kinds of plastering.

civil techniques

Chicken Mesh Properties

abbu riyaz 1 May, 2023

Chicken Mesh Properties discusses in this post. In Construction of RCC structures, after casting of columns, beams and slab, the walls raises. Brickwork or Block work makes to fill space in-between columns, beams and slabs in outer sides. And to make all kinds of partition walls inside buildings. After brick or block work, plastering works performs.

Concretes have a property of expansion and contraction. It expands in heat and contract on cooling. The gap between RCC Structures and walls joint fills with fixing Chicken Mesh before plastering. It fixes on the connection surface of columns, beams and walls.

This reduces the chances of cracks occurring in walls in future. And it acts like reinforcement use in concrete. It makes the plastering strong at joints and junctions.

This uses maximum in interiors because of major pipelines for electrical conduits and water lines comes in interior walls. It Prevents the cracks occurring because of electrical conduits laying inside wall by grove cutting. The miss handling of switchboards cause electrical conduit damages resulting in formation of cracks on walls.

And all waterlines going inside these walls makes little vibrations because of water pressure. And miss handling of water taps causes water pipe lines damages resulting in formation of cracks on walls.

Chicken Mesh Properties

This Chicken mesh is hexagonal in shape. And possess a structure of honeycomb. This property makes it strong. And it gives a long life. It is a made of galvanized iron.

This manufactures in coils. It cuts in running maters as per length requires. And minimum 100 mm in width. If this cuts in one place while placing or after plastering, it wont make any damages in plastering. This chicken wire mesh is flexible in structure. This makes it ideal for using in curves and all kinds of plastering. This is available in Rolls of bundles. The Length is of about 10 m to 100 m. And as per usages / require length. It has a width of 1 meter to 2.5 meter. And it possess various gauges.

It is available in different materials like, in Ms and galvanized iron. The mesh size also varies. And it is available in different wire diameters. The gaps between hexagonal wire mesh varies. It varies from 13 mm to 50 mm.